Revisiting the Role of Serotonin in Sleep-Disordered Breathing

Author:

Aung O123ORCID,Amorim Mateus R.13,Mendelowitz David4ORCID,Polotsky Vsevolod Y.134

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA

2. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA

3. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA

4. Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA

Abstract

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a ubiquitous neuro-modulator–transmitter that acts in the central nervous system, playing a major role in the control of breathing and other physiological functions. The midbrain, pons, and medulla regions contain several serotonergic nuclei with distinct physiological roles, including regulating the hypercapnic ventilatory response, upper airway patency, and sleep–wake states. Obesity is a major risk factor in the development of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), recurrent closure of the upper airway during sleep, and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), a condition characterized by daytime hypercapnia and hypoventilation during sleep. Approximately 936 million adults have OSA, and 32 million have OHS worldwide. 5-HT acts on 5-HT receptor subtypes that modulate neural control of breathing and upper airway patency. This article reviews the role of 5-HT in SDB and the current advances in 5-HT-targeted treatments for SDB.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

American Heart Association Postdoctoral Fellowship Award

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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