X-Linked Hypophosphatemia: Does Targeted Therapy Modify Dental Impairment?

Abstract

X-linked hypophosphatemia is a rare, hereditary disorder that significant influences teeth and alveolar bone. The first clinical sign leading to the diagnosis of X-linked hypophosphatemia is often dental impairment with dental abscesses and dentin mineralization defects. Genetic analysis helped find the responsible gene and therefore opened up new ways of therapeutically managing X-linked hypophosphatemia. The human monoclonal antibody Burosumab represents a milestone in the targeted therapy of this hereditary disease by directly addressing its pathophysiology. Targeted therapy has been shown to improve skeletal impairment, pain, and phosphate metabolism. However, the influence of this new therapy on dental impairment has only been addressed in a few recent studies with varying results. Therefore, in this review, we aim to summarize the dental phenotype and analyze the different treatment modalities with a focus on dental impairment.