Adjuvant ICIs Plus Targeted Therapies Reduce HCC Recurrence after Hepatectomy in Patients with High Risk of Recurrence

Author:

Yang Jianming1ORCID,Jiang Shijie1,Chen Yewu1,Zhang Jian1,Deng Yinan1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Hepatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China

Abstract

Background: The high recurrence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy usually results in poor prognosis. To the best of our knowledge, no study has reported the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus targeted therapies on preventing HCC recurrence after hepatectomy. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the benefits and safety of applying adjuvant ICIs plus targeted therapies after hepatectomy for patients at high risk of HCC recurrence. Methods: A total of 196 patients with any risk factors for recurrence who underwent hepatectomy for HCC were reviewed in this retrospective study. Results: Compared with the control group (n = 158), ICIs plus targeted therapies (n = 38) had a significantly higher recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate in univariate analysis (HR, 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24–0.90; p = 0.020), multivariate analysis (adjusted HR, 0.62; 95%CI, 0.49–0.79; p < 0.001) and propensity score-matched analysis (HR, 0.35; 95%CI, 0.16–0.75; p = 0.005). Subgroup analyses also showed that postoperative adjuvant ICIs plus targeted therapies might reduce HCC recurrence in patients with the most of risk factors. Conclusion: Postoperative adjuvant ICI plus targeted therapies may reduces early HCC recurrence in patients with a high risk of recurrence, and the treatments are well tolerated.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Key Scientific and Technological Projects of Guangdong Province

Publisher

MDPI AG

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