Effects of Rumen-Protected L-Tryptophan Supplementation on Productivity, Physiological Indicators, Blood Profiles, and Heat Shock Protein Gene Expression in Lactating Holstein Cows under Heat Stress Conditions
-
Published:2024-01-19
Issue:2
Volume:25
Page:1217
-
ISSN:1422-0067
-
Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
Jo Jang-Hoon1ORCID, Jalil Ghassemi Nejad1ORCID, Kim Won-Seob2ORCID, Moon Jun-Ok3, Lee Sung-Dae4ORCID, Kwon Chan-Ho5, Lee Hong-Gu1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea 2. Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA 3. Institute of Integrated Technology, CJ CheilJedang, Suwon 16495, Republic of Korea 4. Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea 5. Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effects of rumen-protected L-tryptophan supplementation on the productivity and physiological metabolic indicators in lactating Holstein cows under heat stress conditions. The study involved eight early lactating Holstein cows (days in milk = 40 ± 9 days; milk yield 30 ± 1.5 kg/day; parity 1.09 ± 0.05, p < 0.05), four cows per experiment, with environmentally controlled chambers. In each experiment, two distinct heat stress conditions were created: a low-temperature and low-humidity (LTLH) condition at 25 °C with 35–50% humidity and a high-temperature and high-humidity (HTHH) condition at 31 °C with 80–95% humidity. During the adaptation phase, the cows were subjected to LTLH and HTHH conditions for 3 days. This was followed by a 4-day heat stress phase and then by a 7-day phase of heat stress, which were complemented by supplementation with rumen-protected L-tryptophan (ACT). The findings revealed that supplementation with ACT increased dry matter intake as well as milk yield and protein and decreased water intake, heart rate, and rectal temperature in the HTHH group (p < 0.05). For plateletcrit (PCT, p = 0.0600), the eosinophil percentage (EOS, p = 0.0880) showed a tendency to be lower, while the monocyte (MONO) and large unstained cells (LUC) amounts were increased in both groups (p < 0.05). Albumin and glucose levels were lower in the HTHH group (p < 0.05). The gene expressions of heat shock proteins 70 and 90 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were higher in the ACT group (HTHH, p < 0.05). These results suggest that ACT supplementation improved productivity, physiological indicators, blood characteristics, and gene expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of early lactating Holstein cows under heat-stress conditions. In particular, ACT supplementation objectively relieved stress in these animals, suggesting that L-tryptophan has potential as a viable solution for combating heat-stress-induced effects on the cattle in dairy farming.
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
Reference98 articles.
1. Jo, J.H., Ghassemi Nejad, J., Peng, D.Q., Kim, H.R., Kim, S.H., and Lee, H.G. (2021). Characterization of short-term heat stress in holstein dairy cows using altered indicators of metabolomics, blood parameters, milk MicroRNA-216 and characteristics. Animals, 11. 2. The effects of heat stress in Italian Holstein dairy cattle;Bernabucci;J. Dairy Sci.,2014 3. Effects of heat stress on postabsorptive metabolism and energetics;Baumgard;Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.,2013 4. Ethyl-cellulose rumen-protected methionine enhances performance during the periparturient period and early lactation in Holstein dairy cows;Batistel;J. Dairy Sci.,2017 5. Jo, J.H., Lee, J.S., Ghassemi Nejad, J., Kim, W.S., Moon, J.O., and Lee, H.G. (2021). Effects of dietary supplementation of acetate and L-tryptophan conjugated bypass amino acid on productivity of pre-and post-partum dairy cows and their offspring. Animals, 11.
|
|