Calcitermin-Loaded Smart Gels Activity against Candida albicans: A Preliminary In Vitro Study
Author:
Bellotti Denise12ORCID, D’Accolti Maria1ORCID, Pula Walter1, Huang Nicolas3ORCID, Simeliere Fanny3, Caselli Elisabetta1ORCID, Esposito Elisabetta1ORCID, Remelli Maurizio1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy 2. Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland 3. Institut Galien Paris-Saclay (CNRS UMR 8612), Faculté de Pharmacie, Bâtiment Henri Moissan, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
Abstract
Calcitermin is an antimicrobial peptide of 15 amino acids found in human nasal fluid characterized by antifungal and antibacterial properties. Candida albicans is the most common human fungal pathogen affecting many tissues, such as vaginal mucosa. In this study a formulation suitable for calcitermin administration on vaginal mucosa was developed for the treatment of fungal infections. To favor topical application, mucosal adhesion, and permanence, gels based on poloxamer 407 and xanthan gum were designed and compared with regard to their rheological behavior, erosion, and leakage. The selected gel was loaded with calcitermin, whose release kinetic was evaluated in vitro by Franz cells. An antifungal activity assay was conducted to assess the calcitermin anticandidal potential and the effect of its inclusion in the selected gel. The rheological study revealed the elastic and viscous moduli behavior as a function of poloxamer 407 and xanthan gum concentration. Xanthan gum presence decreased the transition temperature of the gel, while prolonging its erosion and leakage. Particularly, poloxamer 407, 18% and xanthan gum 0.4% were chosen. The calcitermin loading in the selected gel resulted in a transparent and homogeneous formulation and in a 4-fold decrease of the release rate with respect to the calcitermin solution, as evidenced by Franz cell study. The anticandidal activity tests demonstrated that calcitermin-loaded gel was more active against Candida albicans with respect to the peptide solution.
Funder
Polish National Science Centre University of Ferrara
Subject
Polymers and Plastics,Organic Chemistry,Biomaterials,Bioengineering
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