Cold Storage Followed by Transplantation Induces Interferon-Gamma and STAT-1 in Kidney Grafts
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Published:2023-03-13
Issue:6
Volume:24
Page:5468
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ISSN:1422-0067
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Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
McGraw Madison1, Miller David1, Lo Sorena1, Parajuli Nirmala12ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA 2. Division of Nephrology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
Abstract
Cold storage (CS)-mediated inflammation, a reality of donor kidney processing and transplantation, can contribute to organ graft failure. However, the mechanisms by which this inflammation is perpetuated during and after CS remain unclear. Here, we examined the immunoregulatory roles of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family proteins, most notably STAT1 and STAT3, with our in vivo model of renal CS and transplant. Donor rat kidneys were exposed to 4 h or 18 h of CS, which was then followed by transplantation (CS + transplant). STAT total protein level and activity (phosphorylation) were evaluated via Western blot analysis and mRNA expression was tabulated using quantitative RT-PCR after organ harvest on day 1 or day 9 post-surgery. In vivo assays were further corroborated via similar analyses featuring in vitro models, specifically proximal tubular cells (human and rat) as well as macrophage cells (Raw 264.7). Strikingly, gene expression of IFN-γ (a pro-inflammatory cytokine inducer of STAT) and STAT1 were markedly increased after CS + transplant. STAT3 dephosphorylation was additionally observed after CS, a result suggestive of dysregulation of anti-inflammatory signaling as phosphorylated STAT3 acts as a transcription factor in the nucleus to increase the expression of anti-inflammatory signaling molecules. In vitro, IFN-γ gene expression as well as amplification of downstream STAT1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; a hallmark of ischemia reperfusion injury) was remarkably increased after CS + rewarming. Collectively, these results demonstrate that aberrant induction of STAT1 is sustained in vivo post-CS exposure and post-transplant. Thus, Jak/STAT signaling may be a viable therapeutic target during CS to mitigate poor graft outcomes when transplanting kidneys from deceased donors.
Funder
National Institutes of Health American Heart Association University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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