Research on the Sustainable Development of Natural-Social-Economic Systems Based on the Emergy Accounting Method—A Case Study of Liyang in China

Author:

Gao Yuan1,Tian Li2ORCID,Huang An3ORCID,Zhang Huan4,Yu Jianghao2,Pan Yu1,Wang Yuankang1,Gou Binzhuo1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

2. Department of Urban Planning, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

3. School of Public Administration, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China

4. School of Urban Construction, Beijing City University, Beijing 101309, China

Abstract

Coordinating the relationship between resources, environmental protection, and economic development is essential for regional sustainable development. Various frameworks and models for quantifying the sustainable development of regional natural–social–economic systems have been produced. This paper focused on measuring regional sustainable development from the perspective of sustainable consumption and production. The study improved the emergy sustainable indices and the evaluation system commonly used in the method of emergy accounting by introducing input and output emergy into the emergy flows. Then, we proposed new subsystem sustainable indexes for evaluating and analyzing the sustainable development trend of the complex natural–social–economic system in Liyang from 2005 to 2020 by adopting the entropy weight method. The results showed that Liyang was generally in a state of sustainable development, with good social sustainability. The economic and natural sustainability indexes were low, which might cause unsustainable risks in the future. From the input structure and production efficiency perspective, the secondary industry with the highest emergy output has a meager net output rate. In contrast, the tertiary industry has a higher net output rate (NOR) and better output efficiency, which should be the core industry in the region’s future development. From the perspective of environmental impact and resource and environmental carrying capacity, the natural contribution rate and environmental carrying rate should be improved and the waste emergy rate necessary to be reduced. This study hopes to provide implications for formulating regional land use, industrial planning, and sustainable development policies.

Funder

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Beijing High-precision Discipline Project, Discipline of Ecological Environment of Urban and Rural Human Settlements

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Nature and Landscape Conservation,Ecology,Global and Planetary Change

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