A Comparative Study of HA/DBM Compounds Derived from Bovine and Porcine for Bone Regeneration

Author:

Roldan Lina12ORCID,Isaza Catalina1,Ospina Juan3ORCID,Montoya Carolina2,Domínguez José1,Orrego Santiago24ORCID,Correa Santiago15ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Grupo de Investigación en Bioingeniería (GIB), Universidad EAFIT, Medellín 050022, Colombia

2. Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA

3. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Cárnico, Industrias de Alimentos Zenú S.A.S., Grupo Nutresa, Medellín 050044, Colombia

4. Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 191122, USA

5. Escuela de Ciencias Aplicadas e Ingeniería, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín 050022, Colombia

Abstract

This comparative study investigated the tissue regeneration and inflammatory response induced by xenografts comprised of hydroxyapatite (HA) and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) extracted from porcine (P) and bovine (B) sources. First, extraction of HA and DBM was independently conducted, followed by chemical and morphological characterization. Second, mixtures of HA/DBM were prepared in 50/50 and 60/40 concentrations, and the chemical, morphological, and mechanical properties were evaluated. A rat calvarial defect model was used to evaluate the tissue regeneration and inflammatory responses at 3 and 6 months. The commercial allograft DBM Puros® was used as a clinical reference. Different variables related to tissue regeneration were evaluated, including tissue thickness regeneration (%), amount of regenerated bone area (%), and amount of regenerated collagen area (%). The inflammatory response was evaluated by quantifying the blood vessel area. Overall, tissue regeneration from porcine grafts was superior to bovine. After 3 months of implantation, the tissue thickness regeneration in the 50/50P compound and the commercial DBM was significantly higher (~99%) than in the bovine materials (~23%). The 50/50P and DBM produced higher tissue regeneration than the naturally healed controls. Similar trends were observed for the regenerated bone and collagen areas. The blood vessel area was correlated with tissue regeneration in the first 3 months of evaluation. After 6 months of implantation, HA/DBM compounds showed less regenerated collagen than the DBM-only xenografts. In addition, all animal-derived xenografts improved tissue regeneration compared with the naturally healed defects. No clinical complications associated with any implanted compound were noted.

Funder

Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Colombia

Temple University Maurice Kornberg School of Dentistry Start-up

Office of Provost at the Temple University Strategic

Universidad EAFIT

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Biomedical Engineering,Biomaterials

Reference78 articles.

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