Corrosion Resistance of Atomically Thin Graphene Coatings on Single Crystal Copper

Author:

Hasan Md Mahmudul123,Devadig Ramesh123,Sigdel Pawan123,Lipatov Alexey24ORCID,Avci Recep5,Jasthi Bharat K.126ORCID,Gadhamshetty Venkataramana123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E. St. Joseph Street, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA

2. 2D-Materials for Biofilm Engineering, Science and Technology (2DBEST) Center, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E. St. Joseph Street, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA

3. Data-Driven Materials Discovery for Bioengineering Innovation Center, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E. St. Joseph Street, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA

4. Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E. St. Joseph Street, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA

5. Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA

6. Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E. St. Joseph Street, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA

Abstract

Designing minimally invasive, defect-free coatings based on conformal graphene layers to shield metals from both abiotic and biotic forms of corrosion is a persistent challenge. Single-layer graphene (SLG) grown on polycrystalline copper (PC-Cu) surfaces often have inherent defects, particularly at Cu grain boundaries, which weaken their barrier properties and worsen corrosion through grain-dependent mechanisms. Here, we report that an SLG grown via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on Cu (111) single crystal serves as a high-performance coating to lower corrosion by nearly 4–6 times (lower than bare Cu (111)) in abiotic (sulfuric acid) and microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) environments. For example, the charge transfer resistance for SLG/Cu (111) (3.95 kΩ cm2) was 2.5-fold higher than for bare Cu (111) (1.71 kΩ cm2). Tafel analysis corroborated a reduced corrosion current (42 ± 3 µA cm−2) for SLG/Cu (111) compared to bare Cu (111) (115 ± 7 µA cm−2). These findings are consistent with the results based on biofilm measurements. The SLG/Cu (111) reduced biofilm formation by 3-fold compared to bare Cu (111), increasing corrosion resistance, and effectively mitigating pitting corrosion. The average depths of the pits (3.4 ± 0.6 µm) for SLG/Cu (111) were notably shallower than those of bare Cu (111) (6.5 ± 1.2 µm). Surface analysis of the corrosion products corroborated these findings, with copper sulfide identified as a major component across both surfaces. The absence of grain boundaries in Cu (111) resulted in high-quality SLG manifesting higher barrier properties compared to SLG on PC-Cu. Our findings show promise for using the presented strategy for developing durable graphene coatings against diverse forms of corrosion.

Funder

National Science Foundation (NSF) RII FEC

NSF CAREER

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference69 articles.

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5. BSRIA WMI (2023, December 18). Opportunities for Copper in Water and Waste Water Treatment. Available online: https://copperalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/fact-sheet-opportunities-for-copper-in-water-and-waste-water-treatment-1.pdf.

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