Neuro-Vulnerability in Energy Metabolism Regulation: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

Author:

Clemente-Suárez Vicente Javier12ORCID,Beltrán-Velasco Ana Isabel3ORCID,Redondo-Flórez Laura4ORCID,Martín-Rodríguez Alexandra1ORCID,Yáñez-Sepúlveda Rodrigo5ORCID,Tornero-Aguilera José Francisco1

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain

2. Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia

3. Psychology Department, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain

4. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain

5. Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile

Abstract

This comprehensive narrative review explores the concept of neuro-vulnerability in energy metabolism regulation and its implications for metabolic disorders. The review highlights the complex interactions among the neural, hormonal, and metabolic pathways involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. The key topics discussed include the role of organs, hormones, and neural circuits in maintaining metabolic balance. The review investigates the association between neuro-vulnerability and metabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and eating disorders, considering genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that influence neuro-vulnerability and subsequent metabolic dysregulation. Neuroendocrine interactions and the neural regulation of food intake and energy expenditure are examined, with a focus on the impact of neuro-vulnerability on appetite dysregulation and altered energy expenditure. The role of neuroinflammation in metabolic health and neuro-vulnerability is discussed, emphasizing the bidirectional relationship between metabolic dysregulation and neuroinflammatory processes. This review also evaluates the use of neuroimaging techniques in studying neuro-vulnerability and their potential applications in clinical settings. Furthermore, the association between neuro-vulnerability and eating disorders, as well as its contribution to obesity, is examined. Potential therapeutic interventions targeting neuro-vulnerability, including pharmacological treatments and lifestyle modifications, are reviewed. In conclusion, understanding the concept of neuro-vulnerability in energy metabolism regulation is crucial for addressing metabolic disorders. This review provides valuable insights into the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and their implications for metabolic health. Targeting neuro-vulnerability holds promise for developing innovative strategies in the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders, ultimately improving metabolic health outcomes.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics

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