1. Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
2. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
3. Institute of Urban Big Data, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
4. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
5. Country and Area Studies Academy, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing 100089, China