Metabolomic Profiling of Obese Patients with Altered Intestinal Permeability Undergoing a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet
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Published:2023-12-07
Issue:24
Volume:15
Page:5026
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ISSN:2072-6643
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Container-title:Nutrients
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nutrients
Author:
Calabrese Francesco Maria1ORCID, Celano Giuseppe1ORCID, Riezzo Giuseppe2, D’Attoma Benedetta2ORCID, Ignazzi Antonia2, Di Chito Martina3, Sila Annamaria3, De Nucci Sara3, Rinaldi Roberta3ORCID, Linsalata Michele2ORCID, Vacca Mirco1ORCID, Apa Carmen Aurora1, De Angelis Maria1ORCID, Giannelli Gianluigi4ORCID, De Pergola Giovanni3, Russo Francesco2ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy 2. Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “S. de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy 3. Center of Nutrition for the Research and the Care of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy 4. Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “S. de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
Abstract
A healthy intestinal permeability facilitates the selective transport of nutrients, metabolites, water, and bacterial products, involving cellular, neural, hormonal, and immune factors. An altered intestinal permeability indicates pathologic phenotypes and is associated with the exacerbation of obesity and related comorbidities. To investigate the impact of altered permeability in obese patients undergoing a calorie-restrictive dietary regimen (VLCKD), we collected urinary and fecal samples from obese patients with both normal and altered permeability (determined based on the lactulose/mannitol ratio) before and after treatment. The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) aids in understanding the metabolites produced by the intestinal microbiota in this unique ecological niche. Furthermore, we examined clinical and anthropometric variables from the cohort and compared them to significant VOC panels. Consequently, we identified specific markers in the metabolomics data that differentiated between normal and altered profiles before and after the diet. These markers indicated how the variable contribution specifically accounted for interleukins and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The targeted metabolomics experiment detected no differences in measured short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). In summary, our study evaluated metabolomic markers capable of distinguishing low-grade inflammation conditions, exacerbated in more advanced stages of obesity with altered intestinal permeability.
Subject
Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics
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