Biologically Derived Gels for the Cleaning of Historical and Artistic Metal Heritage

Author:

Passaretti Arianna12ORCID,Cuvillier Luana12ORCID,Sciutto Giorgia3,Guilminot Elodie4ORCID,Joseph Edith12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Haute Ecole Arc Conservation-Restauration, HES-SO, Espace de l’Europe 11, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland

2. Laboratory of Technologies for Heritage Materials, Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Av. Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland

3. Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna, Ravenna Campus, via Guaccimanni, 48120 Ravenna, Italy

4. Arc’Antique conservation and research laboratory, 26 Rue de la Haute Forêt, 44300 Nantes, France

Abstract

In the general global rise of attention and research to seek greener attitudes, the field of cultural heritage (CH) makes no exception. In the last decades, an increasing number of sustainable and biologically based solutions have been proposed for the protection and care of artworks. Additionally, the safety of the target artwork and the operator must be kept as core goals. Within this scenario, new products and treatments should be explored and implemented in the common conservation praxes. Therefore, this review addressing metal heritage is aimed to report biologically derived gel formulations already proposed for this specific area as reliable tools for cleaning. Promising bio-gel-based protocols, still to be implemented in metal conservation, are also presented to promote their investigation by stakeholders in metal conservation. After an opening overview on the common practices for cleaning metallic surfaces in CH, the focus will be moved onto the potentialities of gel-alternatives and in particular of ones with a biological origin. In more detail, we displayed water-gels (i.e., hydrogels) and solvent-gels (i.e., organogels) together with particular attention to bio-solvents. The discussion is closed in light of the state-of-the-art and future perspectives.

Funder

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

Publisher

MDPI AG

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