Health and Comorbidities in Minority Ethnic Adults Living with Visual Impairment in the UK

Abstract

Visual impairment has been associated with mental and physical comorbidities in older adults. Research into comorbidities within minority ethnic communities (MEC) with visual impairment is yet to be explored, despite the increase in numbers. A secondary analysis of survey data collected by UK-based sight loss charities provides the first insight into comorbid conditions in a matched control sample of 77 MEC and 77 White adults aged 18–85 years. Participants were matched based on age, gender, UK region, and urban/rural setting. Group differences were explored, and subgroup analysis was also carried out for the two largest subgroups within the MEC group: Asian (n = 46) and Black (n = 22). Response frequencies (n) and proportions (%) were calculated for all variables including eye conditions, vision difficulties, comorbid conditions, and exercise. The sample was predominantly young, and few significant differences were found. Sub-group analysis showed that Asian participants were more likely to report not doing any exercise, having bad health, and comorbidities including high blood pressure, dexterity, hearing and communication difficulties, and a recent emotional/psychological/mental health condition. Black participants, however, were more likely to report comorbidity, in particular physical conditions and mobility difficulties.