Yeast-Hydrolysate-Derived 1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic Acid Inhibits Fat Accumulation during Adipocyte Differentiation
Author:
Kim Nari1, Lee Sekyung12, Jung Eun-Jin3ORCID, Jung Eun Young4, Chang Un-Jae5, Jin Cheng-Min6, Suh Hyung Joo12ORCID, Choi Hyeon-Son7
Affiliation:
1. Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea 2. Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea 3. Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea 4. Department of Home Economic Education, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea 5. Department of Food and Nutrition, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea 6. Analysis and Research Department, NeuroVIS, Inc., Hwaseong-si 18469, Republic of Korea 7. Department of Food Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Hongjimun 2-Gil 20, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of yeast hydrolysate (YH) on lipogenesis, elucidate its mechanistic action, and identify the active compounds responsible for its anti-adipogenic effects. YH (2 mg/mL) significantly reduced Oil Red O-stained lipids. YH (2 mg/mL) also downregulated C/EBPβ and upregulated KLF2, both of which are early adipogenic factors. Moreover, YH (2 mg/mL) decreased C/EBPα, PPARγ, FABP4, FAS, ACC, and HMGCR mRNA expression. Additionally, YH significantly downregulated SEBP1c and SREBP2 and their target genes, which govern fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism; however, 2 mg/mL YH had a greater suppressive effect on SREBP1c than on SREBP2. YH (2 mg/mL) also significantly reduced the mRNA level of G6PD and malic enzyme, which are enzymes that synthesize NADPH for lipid synthesis, compared with the control. Furthermore, 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (MTCA) was identified as the active compound with anti-adipogenic effects using solvent fractionation and chromatographic analysis of YH, and 1.1 μg/mL MTCA significantly downregulated SREBP1c/SREBP2 mRNAs by 47.8% and 69.2%, respectively, along with the target genes FAS, ACC, and HMGCR by 79.0%, 77.0%, and 40.9%, respectively. Collectively, YH effectively suppressed adipogenic lipid storage by downregulating SREBP- and NADPH-synthesizing genes. These findings suggest that YH containing MTCA has the potential to act as an anti-obesity agent.
Funder
NeoCremar Co., Ltd.
Subject
Plant Science,Health Professions (miscellaneous),Health (social science),Microbiology,Food Science
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