Farmer Perspectives on the Economic, Environmental, and Social Sustainability of Environmental Conservation Agriculture (ECA) in Namobuddha Municipality, Kavre, Nepal

Author:

Maharjan Keshav Lall1ORCID,Gonzalvo Clarisse Mendoza2ORCID,Singh Manjeshwori3

Affiliation:

1. International Economic Development Program, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8524, Japan

2. Department of Educational Communication, College of Development Communication, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños 4031, Philippines

3. Nepal Development Research Institute, Lalitpur 44600, Nepal

Abstract

The adoption of environmental conservation agriculture (ECA) in Nepal is aligned with the country’s goal to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045, as ECA practices have been proven to effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Nepal’s agricultural sector faces numerous challenges, including labor shortages, climate change impacts, and the necessity for environmentally friendly farming methods, making the adoption of ECA practices even more crucial. Thus, this paper explored farmer perspectives on the sustainability of ECA practices in the Namobuddha municipality, Nepal, which is renowned as a leading hub of organic farming. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, together with key informant interviews and onsite observations. By analyzing various farmer perspectives, the study presents an analytical framework that highlights the economic, environmental, and social pillars of ECA’s sustainability. The findings underscore the significance of economic viability for farmers, as damages to crops and farm products negatively drive their perception of ECA sustainability. Conversely, factors such as increased agriculture-related income, favorable prices, and sustainable productivity positively shape farmers’ perceptions. In terms of environmental sustainability, farmers prioritize enhancing the local and global environment, viewing their farming methods as climate-smart and actively working towards reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The study emphasizes the importance of strategic communication to effectively convey the benefits of ECA to rural communities. Overall, this research contributes to filling the knowledge gap concerning farmers’ perceptions of ECA sustainability. The insights gained from this study have the potential to inform policy decisions and promote the widespread adoption of environmentally friendly farming practices in Nepal.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference35 articles.

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3. International Labor Organization (ILO) (2019). Eight Ways to Grow Nepal’s Agricultural Sector: A Rapid Market Assessment and Ranking of Agricultural Sub-Sectors, ILO.

4. Climate change-induced hazards and local adaptations in agriculture: A study from Koshi River Basin, Nepal;Hussain;Nat. Hazards,2018

5. Assessment of status of climate change and determinants of people’s awareness to climate-smart agriculture: A case of Sarlahi district, Nepal;Adhikari;Adv. Agric.,2022

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