Selenium in Prostate Cancer: Prevention, Progression, and Treatment

Author:

Jiang Jinjiang12,Chen Bo12,Tang Bo12,Wei Qiang12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China

2. Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China

Abstract

Selenium, a trace mineral with various biological functions, has become a focal point in prostate cancer research. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of selenium’s involvement in prostate cancer, covering its impact on prevention, development, treatment, and underlying mechanisms. Observational studies have revealed a link between selenium levels and selenoproteins with prostate cancer progression. However, randomized controlled studies have shown that selenium supplementation does not prevent prostate cancer (HR: 0.95; 95% CI 0.80–1.13). This discrepancy might be attributed to selenoprotein single nucleotide polymorphisms. In the context of combinatorial therapy, selenium has demonstrated promising synergistic potential in the treatment of prostate cancer. Emerging evidence highlights the significant role of selenium and selenoproteins in prostate cancer, encompassing AR signaling, antioxidative properties, cell death, cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, epigenetic regulation, immunoregulation, epithelial–mesenchymal transformation, and redox signal. In conclusion, selenium’s diverse properties make it a promising trace mineral in prostate cancer prevention, development, and treatment and as a platform for exploring novel agents.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Sichuan Science and Technology Program

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Drug Discovery,Pharmaceutical Science,Molecular Medicine

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