Effect of Pretreatments on the Chemical, Bioactive and Physicochemical Properties of Cinnamomum camphora Seed Kernel Extracts

Author:

Wang Pengbo123,Wang Zhixin3,Zhang Manqi3,Yan Xianghui3,Xia Jiaheng123,Zhao Junxin124,Yang Yujing123,Gao Xiansi123,Wu Qifang123,Gong Deming125,Yu Ping3,Zeng Zheling124ORCID

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China

2. Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China

3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China

4. School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China

5. New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, 8 Ha Crescent, Auckland 2104, New Zealand

Abstract

Cinnamomum camphora seed kernels (CCSKs) are rich in phytochemicals, especially plant extracts. Phytochemicals play a vital role in therapy due to their strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Extracts from CCSK can be obtained through multiple steps, including pretreatment, extraction and purification, and the purpose of pretreatment is to separate the oil from other substances in CCSKs. However, C. camphora seed kernel extracts (CKEs) were usually considered as by-products and discarded, and their potential bioactive values were underestimated. Additionally, little has been known about the effect of pretreatment on CKE. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pretreatment methods (including the solvent extraction method, cold pressing method, aqueous extraction method and sub-critical fluid extraction method) on the extraction yields, phytochemical profiles, volatile compounds and antioxidant capacities of different CKE samples. The results showed that the CKE samples were rich in phenolic compounds (15.28–20.29%) and alkaloids (24.44–27.41%). The extraction yield, bioactive substances content and in vitro antioxidant capacity of CKE pretreated by the sub-critical fluid extraction method (CKE-SCFE) were better than CKEs obtained by other methods. CKE pretreated by the solvent extraction method (CKE-SE) showed the best lipid emulsion protective capacity. Moreover, the volatile substances composition of the CKE samples was greatly influenced by the pretreatment method. The results provided a fundamental basis for evaluating the quality and nutritional value of CKE and increasing the economic value of by-products derived from CCSK.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Publisher

MDPI AG

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