ZIF-67 Anchored on MoS2/rGO Heterostructure for Non-Enzymatic and Visible-Light-Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Biosensing

Abstract

Graphene and graphene-like two-dimensional layered nanomaterials-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensors have recently grown rapidly in popularity thanks to their advantages of high sensitivity and low background signal, which have attracted tremendous attention in ultrahigh sensitive small molecule detection. This work proposes a non-enzymatic and visible-light-sensitive PEC biosensing platform based on ZIF-67@MoS2/rGO composite which is synthesized through a facile and one-step microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The combination of MoS2 and rGO could construct van der Waals heterostructures, which not only act as visible-light-active nanomaterials, but facilitate charge carriers transfer between the photoelectrode and glassy carbon electrode (GCE). ZIF-67 anchored on MoS2/rGO heterostructures provides large specific surface areas and a high proportion of catalytic sites, which cooperate with MoS2 nanosheets, realizing rapid and efficient enzyme-free electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose. The ZIF-67@MoS2/rGO-modified GCE can realize the rapid and sensitive detection of glucose at low detection voltage, which exhibits a high sensitivity of 12.62 μAmM−1cm−2. Finally, the ZIF-67@MoS2/rGO PEC biosensor is developed by integrating the ZIF-67@MoS2/rGO with a screen-printed electrode (SPE), which exhibits a high sensitivity of 3.479 μAmM−1cm−2 and a low detection limit of 1.39 μM. The biosensor’s selectivity, stability, and repeatability are systematically investigated, and its practicability is evaluated by detecting clinical serum samples.