Physiological Adaptation of Fenneropenaeus chinensis in Response to Saline–Alkaline Stress Revealed by a Combined Proteomics and Metabolomics Method

Author:

Gao Tian12ORCID,Wang Qiong23,Sun Huarui12,Liu Yang1ORCID,Li Jitao23ORCID,He Yuying23

Affiliation:

1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China

2. National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

3. Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China

Abstract

The rapid development of the mariculture industry has been hindered by limited coastal aquaculture space. To utilize the abundant inland saline–alkaline water, we studied the physiological effects of high carbonate alkalinity stress and high pH stress on Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The study employed quantitative proteomics by tandem mass tag (TMT) and non-targeted metabolomics analysis using a liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC-MS) to understand the physiological and biochemical adaptive mechanisms of the hepatopancreas of F. chinensis in response to saline–alkaline stress at the molecular level. We designed two stress groups as follows: a high carbonate alkalinity (CA) group and a combined high carbonate alkalinity and high pH (CP) group. The study found that the protein and metabolic profiles of the two stress groups were changed, and the CP group, which was exposed to dual stresses, incurred more severe damage to the hepatopancreas compared to that of the CA group. After exposure to CA and CP, the hepatopancreas of F. chinensis showed significant alterations in 455 proteins and 50 metabolites, and 1988 proteins and 272 metabolites, respectively. In addition, F. chinensis upregulated the level of energy metabolism in the hepatopancreas to defend against osmotic imbalance caused by CA or CP stress, which was demonstrated by the significant upregulation of important proteins and metabolites in glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, TCA cycle, and fatty acid oxidation. Additionally, pattern recognition receptors, the phenol oxidase system, and various immune-related metabolic enzymes and metabolites were also affected. The immune homeostasis of F. chinensis was affected by the alteration of the antioxidant system following exposure to CA or CP. These findings provide valuable information for F. chinensis saline–alkaline water cultivation practices.

Funder

National Key R & D Program of China

earmarked fund for CARS-48

Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund

Publisher

MDPI AG

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