Acoustic Evidence of Shallow Gas Occurrences in the Offshore Sinú Fold Belt, Colombian Caribbean Sea

Author:

Osorio-Granada Ana María123,Jigena-Antelo Bismarck1ORCID,Vidal-Perez Juan1ORCID,Zambianchi Enrico3ORCID,Osorio-Granada Edward G.4,Torrecillas Cristina5ORCID,Romero-Cozar Jeanette1,Leon-Rincón Hermann2,Oviedo-Prada Karem126,Muñoz-Perez Juan J.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. CASEM (Centro Andaluz Superior de Estudios Marinos), Campus de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain

2. Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas del Caribe, Cartagena de Indias 130001, Colombia

3. Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy

4. Instituto de Investigaciones en Estratigrafía, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales 170004, Colombia

5. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain

6. Kongsberg Maritime Training Center, Boca del Río 94299, Veracruz, Mexico

Abstract

High-resolution seismic analysis and bathymetry data, used in the Offshore Sinú Fold Belt (OSFB), have revealed seabed and sub-surface anomalies, which were probably caused by the presence of shallow gas within the sedimentary records. Shallow gas is widely detected by the frequent presence of anomalous acoustic reflections including acoustic blanking, enhanced reflections, acoustic plumes, pockmarks, and dome structures. More than 30 anomalies that occur within a subsurface depth of ~65 m were acoustically detected within an area of 1000 km2 on the continental shelf and upper continental slope, in water depths ranging from −20 to −1300 m. Moreover, a map with the spatial distribution of the gas occurrences is shown. A close relationship between the locally elevated seabed (dome structures), pockmarks, and acoustic blanking was found. Most of the active pockmarks may be closely related to the submarine path of the Uramita Fault, indicating that the gas occurrences are controlled by active faulting. The shallow gas occurrence was confirmed by the generation of authigenic carbonate and the occurrence of chemosymbiotic biological communities sampled in the area. Although there is an admixture of biogenic gas, it is believed that many of the features observed relate to thermogenic gas. The identification of these anomalies represents a useful basis for an assessment of marine geohazards and can serve as a hydrocarbon exploration tool.

Funder

University of Cadiz

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Ocean Engineering,Water Science and Technology,Civil and Structural Engineering

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