Real-World Journey of Unresectable Stage III NSCLC Patients: Current Dilemmas for Disease Staging and Treatment

Abstract

Daily-practice challenges in oncology have been intensified by the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). We aimed to outline current therapy policies and management of locally advanced unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in different countries. One thoracic oncologist from each of the following countries—Belgium, Croatia, Greece, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, and Switzerland—participated in an electronic survey. Descriptive statistics were conducted with categorical variables reported as frequencies and continuous variables as median and interquartile range (IQR) (StataSE-v15). EBUS (endobronchial ultrasound bronchoscopy) was used either upfront or for N2 confirmation. Resectability is still a source of disagreement; thus, decisions vary within each multidisciplinary team. Overall, 66% of stage III patients [IQR 60–75] undergo chemoradiation therapy (CRT); concurrent CRT (cCRT) accounts for most cases (~70%). Performance status is universally used for cCRT eligibility. Induction chemotherapy is fairly weighted based on radiotherapy (RT) availability. Mean time to evaluation after RT completion is less than a month; ICI consolidation is started within six weeks. Durvamulab expenditures are reimbursed in all countries, yet some limiting criteria exist (PD-L1 ≥ 1%, cCRT). No clear guidance on therapies at Durvamulab progression exist; experts agree that it depends on progression timing. Given the high heterogeneity in real-world practices, standardized evidence-based decisions and healthcare provision in NSCLC are needed.