The Relationship between TNF-a, IL-35, VEGF and Cutaneous Microvascular Dysfunction in Young Patients with Uncomplicated Type 1 Diabetes

Author:

Neubauer-Geryk Jolanta1ORCID,Wielicka Melanie12,Myśliwiec Małgorzata3,Zorena Katarzyna4ORCID,Bieniaszewski Leszek1

Affiliation:

1. Clinical Physiology Unit, Medical Simulation Centre, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland

2. Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Ann Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA

3. Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland

4. Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between immunological markers and the dysfunction of cutaneous microcirculation in young patients with type 1 diabetes. The study group consisted of 46 young patients with type 1 diabetes and no associated complications. Microvascular function was assessed with the use of nail fold capillaroscopy before and after implementing post-occlusive reactive hyperemia. This evaluation was then repeated after 12 months. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to their baseline median coverage (defined as the ratio of capillary surface area to surface area of the image area), which was established during the initial exam (coverageBASE). Additionally, the levels of several serum biomarkers, including VEGF, TNF-a and IL-35, were assessed at the time of the initial examination. HbA1c levels obtained at baseline and after a 12-month interval were also obtained. Mean HbA1c levels obtained during the first two years of the course of the disease were also analyzed. Patients with coverageBASE below 16.85% were found to have higher levels of VEGF and TNF-α, as well as higher levels of HbA1c during the first two years following diabetes diagnosis. Our results support the hypothesis that the development of diabetic complications is strongly influenced by metabolic memory and an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, regardless of achieving adequate glycemic control.

Funder

Gdańsk Medical University

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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