Artificial Intelligence Driven Biomedical Image Classification for Robust Rheumatoid Arthritis Classification

Abstract

Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models has been commonly employed for the automated disease diagnosis process. AI in biological and biomedical imaging is an emerging area and will be a future trend in the field. At the same time, biomedical images can be used for the classification of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diseases. RA is an autoimmune illness that affects the musculoskeletal system causing systemic, inflammatory and chronic effects. The disease frequently becomes progressive and decreases physical function, causing articular damage, suffering, and fatigue. After a time, RA causes harm to the cartilage of the joints and bones, weakens the tendons and joints, and finally causes joint destruction. Sensors (thermal infrared camera sensor, accelerometers and wearable sensors) are more commonly employed to collect data for RA. This study develops an Automated Rheumatoid Arthritis Classification using an Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm with Deep Learning (ARAC-AOADL) model. The goal of the presented ARAC-AOADL technique lies in the classification of health disorders depending upon RA and orthopaedics. Primarily, the presented ARAC-AOADL technique pre-processes the input images by median filtering (MF) technique. Then, the ARAC-AOADL technique uses AOA with an enhanced capsule network (ECN) model to produce feature vectors. For RA classification, the ARAC-AOADL technique uses a multi-kernel extreme learning machine (MKELM) model. The experimental result analysis of the ARAC-AOADL technique on a benchmark dataset reported a maximum accuracy of 98.57%. Therefore, the ARAC-AOADL technique can be employed for accurate and timely RA classification.