New Neutrophil Parameters in Diseases with Various Inflammatory Processes

Abstract

The neutrophils evaluation seems interesting in the initial qualifications of patients with various inflammatory processes. In this study, we presented analysis of neutrophils and new parameters of the complexity (NEUT-GI, NE-WX), maturation (IG), size (NE-FSC, NE-WZ), and neutrophil activities (NEUT-RI, NE-WY) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), lung cancer (LC), sarcoidosis (SA), and healthy controls (HCs). Peripheral blood (PB) was collected. The new parameters were examined by the Sysmex XN-1500. The mean absolute value for the IG parameter was the highest in the LC group. The differences in NEUT-RI value between COVID-19 and the HC group were observed. No significant differences were noticed between groups in the NEUT-GI granularity parameter. Neutrophil size assessed by NE-FSC parameter was reduced in all groups compared to HCs. The values of complexity (NE-WX), fluorescence (NE-WY), and size (NE-WZ) were the lowest in the HCs, whereas the highest median proportions of NE-WX, NE-WY, and NE-WZ were in LC patients. Patients from the SA group differed significantly from the HC group only for the NE-WZ parameter. We showed the usefulness of neutrophil parameters and their reactivity, morphology, and exhaustion. A more detailed analysis of blood counts may reveal trends that indicate a disease-specific immune response.