Circulating Microbial Cell-Free DNA in Health and Disease
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Published:2023-02-03
Issue:3
Volume:24
Page:3051
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ISSN:1422-0067
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Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
Pietrzak Bernadeta1ORCID, Kawacka Iwona1ORCID, Olejnik-Schmidt Agnieszka1ORCID, Schmidt Marcin1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
Abstract
Human blood contains low biomass of circulating microbial cell-free DNA (cfmDNA) that predominantly originates from bacteria. Numerous studies have detected circulating cfmDNA in patients with infectious and non-infectious diseases, and in healthy individuals. Remarkable differences were found in the microbial composition of healthy subjects and patients compared to cohorts with various diseases or even patients with diversified prognoses, implying that these alterations may be associated with disease development. Although the function of circulating cfmDNA needs to be elucidated (whether it acts as a bystander of dysbiosis or a key player in disease development), several studies have demonstrated its potential as a non-invasive biomarker that may improve diagnosis and treatment efficacy. The origin of circulating cfmDNA is still the subject of much deliberation, but studies have identified members of various microbiome niches, including the gut, oral cavity, airways, and skin. Further studies investigating the origin and function of circulating cfmDNA are needed. Moreover, low-biomass microbiome studies are prone to contamination, therefore stringent negative experimental control reactions and decontamination frameworks are advised in order to detect genuine circulating cfmDNA.
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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