Futuristic Silicon Photonic Biosensor with Nanomaterial Enhancement for PSA Detection
-
Published:2024-01-22
Issue:1
Volume:11
Page:97
-
ISSN:2304-6732
-
Container-title:Photonics
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Photonics
Author:
Okhai Timothy A.12ORCID, Idris Azeez O.3, Feleni Usisipho4, Snyman Lukas W.24
Affiliation:
1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and The Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0183, South Africa 2. Department of Electrical and Mining Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, South Africa 3. UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria 0003, South Africa 4. Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, South Africa
Abstract
This article describes a novel electrochemical on-chip biosensor that utilises the anti-PSA antibody (Ab) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to enhance the sensing and detection capability of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood. The AgNPs are prepared, characterised, and applied to a silicon photonic on-chip biosensing receptor platform designed to enhance the accurate detection of PSA. The AgNPs were synthesised by a chemical reduction method using silver nitrate (AgNO3) as the precursor. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and light microscopy were among the methods used in the characterisation and analysis of the AgNPs. Each stage of the immunosensor fabrication was characterised using cyclic voltammetry. The proposed immunosensor was applied in the detection of PSA, a prostate cancer biomarker, with a high sensitivity and a limit of detection of 0.17 ng/mL over a linear concentration range of 2.5 to 11.0 ng/mL. The immunosensor displayed good stability and was selective in the presence of interfering species like immunoglobulin (Ig) in human serum, ascorbic acid (AA), and diclofenac (Dic). The detectivity and sensitivity are significantly higher than previous reports on similar or related technologies.
Funder
National Research Foundation of South Africa Key International Collaboration Grant SANRF travel block grants Department of Higher Education and Training Institute of Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa
Subject
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Instrumentation,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Reference60 articles.
1. Recent Advances in the Design of Biosensors Based on Novel Nanomaterials: An Insight;Chauhan;Nanotechnol. Precis. Eng.,2021 2. Zolti, O., Suganthan, B., and Ramasamy, R.P. (2023). Lab-on-a-Chip Electrochemical Biosensors for Foodborne Pathogen Detection: A Review of Common Standards and Recent Progress. Biosensors, 13. 3. Vorobjova, A., Tishkevich, D., Shimanovich, D., Zdorovets, M., Kozlovskiy, A., Zubar, T., Vinnik, D., Dong, M., Trukhanov, S., and Trukhanov, A. (2020). Electrochemical Behaviour of Ti/Al2O3/Ni Nanocomposite Material in Artificial Physiological Solution: Prospects for Biomedical Application. Nanomaterials, 10. 4. Mehmood, S., Ali, Z., Khan, S.R., Aman, S., Elnaggar, A.Y., Ibrahim, M.M., Zubar, T.I., Tishkevich, D.I., Trukhanov, S.V., and Trukhanov, A.V. (2022). Mechanically Stable Magnetic Metallic Materials for Biomedical Applications. Materials, 15. 5. Conducting Polymers: A Comprehensive Review on Recent Advances in Synthesis, Properties and Applications;Namsheer;RSC Adv.,2021
|
|