The Association between Levels of Physical Activity and Lifestyle, Life Expectancy, and Quality of Life in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

Background: Engaging in physical activity could help improve the quality of life in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The objective of this study was to determine the association between the levels of physical activity and lifestyle, life expectancy, and quality of life in patients with Alzheimer’s disease in Iran and Italy. Methods: A total of 165 participants from Iran and Italy were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. In Iran, 85 patients participated in the study. In Italy, we enrolled 80 patients at the Sapienza University teaching hospital, Policlinico Umberto 1 in Rome. The inclusion criteria in this study include patients over 60 years old, non-smokers, and non-users of antidepressants and hypnotics. Results: The results of Tukey’s post hoc test of the study conducted in Iran showed that the lifestyle of patients with moderate (p = 0.001) and low (p = 0.009) physical activity levels was significantly better than inactive patients. Life expectancy in patients with moderate physical activity levels was significantly higher than inactive patients (p = 0.011). The quality of life was significantly better in patients with moderate (p = 0.001) and low (p = 0.002) physical activity levels than inactive patients. On the other hand, the findings of Tukey’s post hoc test of the study in Italy showed that the quality of life in patients with low (p = 0.001) and moderate physical activity levels (p = 0.01) was significantly higher than inactive patients. Conclusions: A low to moderate level of physical activity could be associated with an improved lifestyle, life expectancy, and quality of life in patients with Alzheimer’s disease compared to inactivity.