Insecticidal Effects of Receptor-Interference Isolated Bioactive Peptides on Fire Ant Colonies

Abstract

Receptor-interference (Receptor-i) is a novel technology used to identify bioactive peptides as agonists or antagonists against a specific receptor, primarily targeting G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Using Receptor-i methodology, we targeted the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide receptor (PBAN-R) of the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta). Based on previous studies, we selected four bioactive peptides cyclized with two cysteines: CVKLGSHFC, CIQQGSHFC, CERVGSHFC, and CMARYMSAC, and we conducted small-scale feeding bioassays, measuring fire ant worker mortality. All peptides reduced ant survival; however, CMARYMSAC (MARY) and CIQQGSHFC (IQQG) were the most effective and were selected for feeding trials against large, fully functional fire ant field colonies containing queen, brood, and up to 8000 workers. At the end of the experiment, day 84, synthetic peptide MARY killed over 80% of the workers and two of four queens. IQQG killed over 70% of the workers and three of four queens. The surviving two MARY queens lost an average of 21% of their starting weight. The surviving IQQG queen lost 31% of its weight. In contrast, control colony queens gained an average of 11% of their starting weight. These results provide proof-of-concept for the Receptor-i technology and will synergize applications to other agricultural and medical pests.