The Development and Content Validation of a Clinical Screening Scale to Identify Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Cases Based on the Gender Perspective: An e-Delphi Study-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The Development and Content Validation of a Clinical Screening Scale to Identify Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Cases Based on the Gender Perspective: An e-Delphi Study

Published:2024-06-27 Issue:13 Volume:12 Page:1282
ISSN:2227-9032
Container-title:Healthcare
language:en
Short-container-title:Healthcare

Author:

Perez-Beltran Meritxell¹²³^ORCID,Roldán-Merino Juan¹⁴^ORCID,Russi Maria Eugenia⁵,Rolandi Maria Garau⁶⁷,Colome Roura Roser⁶,Sampaio Francisco⁸⁹^ORCID,Del Campo Marta Domínguez¹⁰,Farres-Tarafa Mariona¹^ORCID,Pardos Barbara Hurtado¹,Alda Díez José Ángel¹¹¹²^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Nursing, Campus Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona-Fundació Privada, Calle Sant Benito Menni 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain

2. Facultat de Psicología, University of Barcelona, Pg. de la Vall d’Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain

3. Neuropsychologist at Avan Neurology Center, Carrer Estrella, 10, Sabadell, 08201 Barcelona, Spain

4. Mental Health, Psychosocial and Complex Nursing Care Research Group (NURSEARCH), University of Barcelona, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 585, 08007 Barcelona, Spain

5. Neuropediatrician in the Pediatric Neurology Service, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Pg. de Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Barcelona, Spain

6. Neurology Service and in the Learning Disorders Unit (UTAE), Sant Joan de Deu Hospital, 08950 Barcelona, Spain

7. Psychology and Neurotherapy Centers, Carrer de Gresolet, 14, Sarrià-Sant Gervasi, 08034 Barcelona, Spain

8. Nursing School of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 830, 844, 856, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal

9. CINTESIS@RISE, Nursing School of Porto (ESEP), Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, s/n, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal

10. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu-Research Center, Carrer del Camí Vell de la Colònia, 25, 08830 Barcelona, Spain

11. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu of Barcelona, Pg. de Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Barcelona, Spain

12. Children and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa, 08830 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain

Abstract

Background: Although many studies analyse gender differences in the clinical expression of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and prevalence studies show that girls with ADHD are underdiagnosed, there are no instruments that are sensitive to the detection of girls with ADHD. Objective: The objective of this study is to develop a self-report early detection instrument for boys and girls with ADHD aged 7 to 16, which includes the gender perspective and is sensitive to the detection of girls with ADHD. Methods: The scale was developed and the items that comprised it were created from the thematic analysis of ADHD and its evaluation in children based on the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5-TR. A modified e-Delphi method involving a three-round web survey was used to establish a consensus on the content of the scale. Ten experts were recruited to form a professional panel. The panel members were asked to assess the differential symptomatology of ADHD in boys and girls, the dimensions to be evaluated, and the importance of scale items to evaluate the content. Results: A consensus was reached regarding 13 total items distributed in three dimensions: inattention; hyperactivity/impulsivity; and, a third dimension, internalisation, which includes symptoms most present in the expression of ADHD in girls. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, the development of this scale using the Delphi method is the first specific scale used for identifying ADHD that also addresses the gender perspective and the differential symptomatology between boys and girls. However, we must proceed to the analysis of psychometric properties, as the scale requires an exhaustive study of its reliability and validity. We can anticipate that this scale will provide relevant and reliable information that can be used for the identification of ADHD in both boys and girls.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Link

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/13/1282/pdf

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