Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy for Hepatitis C Virus in Patients with BCLC Stage B/C Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

Background: The benefits of hepatitis C virus (HCV)eradication for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B/C remain uncertain. Methods: In this hospital-based cohort study, all HCV-infected patients with BCLC stage B/C HCC during the period January 2017 to March 2021 were retrospectively screened, with 97 patients who had completed direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy being enrolled for final analysis. Results: In total, the sustained virological response (SVR) rate was 90.7%. In logistic regression analysis, progressive disease (PD) to prior tumor treatments was significantly associated with SVR failure (odds ratio 5.59, 95% CI 1.30–24.06, p = 0.021). Furthermore, the overall survival (OS) rate was significantly higher in the SVR group than that in the non-SVR group (1-year OS: 87.5% vs. 57.1%, p = 0.001). SVR was found to be an independent factor related to OS (hazard ratio 8.42, 95% CI 2.93–24.19, p = 0.001). However, even upon achieving SVR, the OS rates in BCLC stage C or Child–Pugh stage B patients remained poor. Conclusions: In BCLC stage B/C HCC, DAA could achieve a high SVR rate except in those patients with PD to prior HCC treatments. SVR was related to improvements in OS; therefore, DAA therapy should be encouraged for patients diagnosed without a short life expectancy.