Characterization of Ashes from Sewage Sludge–Limestone Incineration: Study of SSA Properties and Reactivity for SCM Use

Author:

Shehadeh Danah1,Govin Alexandre1ORCID,Grosseau Philippe1,Krour Hichem2,Bessette Laetitia2,Ziegler Gonzague3,Serclerat Anthony3

Affiliation:

1. Mines Saint-Etienne, University Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5307 LGF, Centre Spin, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France

2. VICAT, 4 Rue Aristide Bergès, 38080 L’Isle d’Abeau, France

3. FMI Process, 22 Rue de Garat, 42152 L’Horme, France

Abstract

This paper examines the properties of sewage sludge ashes (SSAs) from the incineration of sewage sludge with added limestone for toxic gas treatment. It also evaluates the potential valorization of SSA in cement composites as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The work involves a thorough characterization of four SSAs, including physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties. It also includes assessing the behavior of SSA in water solution through electrical conductivity measurements. The reactivity of ashes was evaluated using the R3 method and mechanical properties. The results revealed that all SSAs present comparable mineralogical and chemical properties, with varying proportions. Major elements such as Ca, Si, Fe, P, and S are predominant in the ashes, with traces of heavy metals. In an aqueous solution, a gradual formation of ettringite was detected only for two SSA. The heavy metal leachability was negligible, confirming that SSA is a non-hazardous waste. Finally, the reactivity and strength activity index assessments revealed a low and slow reactivity of SSA compared to metakaolin or slag. The SSA that favored ettringite formation in aqueous solution presented the lowest compressive strength at 28 days after incorporation in mortar. Despite originating from different incineration sites, these ashes fall under the same category of SCM reactivity.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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