Nutraceutical Additives Modulate Microbiota and Gut Health in Post-Weaned Piglets

Author:

Ángel-Isaza Jaime A.123,Herrera Franco Víctor34,López-Herrera Albeiro35ORCID,Parra-Suescun Jaime E.35

Affiliation:

1. Doctorado en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, Colombia

2. Unidad de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo Promitec Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia

3. Grupo de Investigación Biodiversidad y Genética Molecular (BIOGEM), Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, Colombia

4. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Corporación Universitaria REMINGTON, Medellín 050034, Colombia

5. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, Colombia

Abstract

Due to the challenge of weaning pigs and the need to reduce the use of antimicrobials in animal feed, there is a growing need to look for nutraceutical alternatives to reduce the adverse effects of the post-weaning period. We evaluate the effect of different feed nutraceutical additives on the microbial communities, gut health biomarkers, and productivity of pigs during the post-weaning period. The study involved 240 piglets weaned on the 21st day of age and randomized to six different diets: D1-BD commercial standard feed, D2-AGP: D1 + 150 ppm zinc bacitracin, D3-MD: D1 + 550 ppm maltodextrin, D4-FOS: D1 + 300 ppm fructo-oligosaccharides, D5-EO: D1 + 70 ppm Lippia origanoides essential oil, and D6-SH: D1 + 750 ppm sodium humate. On day 30 post-weaning, zootechnical parameters were evaluated, and jejunal samples were taken to obtain morphometric variables, expression of barrier and enzymatic proteins, and analysis of microbial communities. Animals fed D4-FOS and D5-EO had the lowest feed conversion ratio and higher expression of barrier and enzymatic proteins compared to D1-BD, D2-AGP, and D3-MD. The use of the additives modified the gut microbial communities of the piglets. In conclusion, fructo-oligosaccharides and Lippia origanoides essential oil were the best alternatives to zinc bacitracin as antibiotic growth promoters.

Funder

Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Medellín

external funds provided by Promitec S.A.S. through its Research, Development and Innovation Unit

Publisher

MDPI AG

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