Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Ability to Stimulate Wound Healing of a Common-Plantain Extract in Alginate Gel Formulations

Abstract

Our study aimed to investigate the biological effects of a common-plantain (Plantago major L.) extract, encapsulated in alginate, on dermal human fibroblast cultures in vitro, in view of its potential use as a wound healing adjuvant therapy. Common-plantain extracts were obtained by infusion and ultrasound extraction, and their total polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity were determined by spectrophotometry. The best extract, which was obtained by infusion, was further encapsulated in sodium alginate in two different formulations. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to demonstrate the existing interactions in the obtained common-plantain extract in the alginate formulations. The encapsulation efficiency was evaluated based on the total polyphenol content. These alginate gel formulations were further used in vitro to determine their biocompatibility and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by spectrophotometry and ELISA, as well as their ability to stimulate fibroblast migration (scratch test assay) at different time points. In addition, the collagen 1 and 3 levels were determined by Western blot analysis. The data showed that the microencapsulated plantain extract formulations induced an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effect, enhanced collagen production and increased wound closure in the first 8 h of their application. These results are encouraging for the use of this alginate plantain extract formulation as an adjuvant for skin wound healing.