Adipose Stem Cells in Modern-Day Ophthalmology

Author:

Musa Mutali1ORCID,Zeppieri Marco2ORCID,Enaholo Ehimare S.3,Salati Carlo2,Parodi Pier Camillo4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Nigeria

2. Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy

3. Centre for Sight Africa, Nkpor, Onitsha 434112, Nigeria

4. Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy

Abstract

Stem cells (SCs) have evolved as an interesting and viable factor in ophthalmologic patient care in the past decades. SCs have been classified as either embryonic, mesenchymal, tissue-specific, or induced pluripotent cells. Multiple novel management techniques and clinical trials have been established to date. While available publications are predominantly animal-model-based, significant material is derived from human studies and case-selected scenarios. This possibility of explanting cells from viable tissue to regenerate/repair damaged tissue points to an exciting future of therapeutic options in all fields of medicine, and ophthalmology is surely not left out. Adipose tissue obtained from lipo-aspirates has been shown to produce mesenchymal SCs that are potentially useful in different body parts, including the oculo-visual system. An overview of the anatomy, physiology, and extraction process for adipose-tissue-derived stem cells (ADSC) is important for better understanding the potential therapeutic benefits. This review examines published data on ADSCs in immune-modulatory, therapeutic, and regenerative treatments. We also look at the future of ADSC applications for ophthalmic patient care. The adverse effects of this relatively novel therapy are also discussed.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Computer Science

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4. Biochemistry of adipose tissue: An endocrine organ;Coelho;Arch. Med. Sci. AMS,2013

5. Bone marrow adipose tissue: Formation, function and regulation;Suchacki;Curr. Opin. Pharmacol.,2016

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