Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Challenges, and Risk Factors of Pott’s Disease

Author:

Glassman Ira1ORCID,Nguyen Kevin1ORCID,Giess Jane1,Alcantara Cheldon1,Booth Michelle1,Venketaraman Vishwanath1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) prevalence is increasing in developed nations and continuing to cause significant mortality in low- and middle-income countries. As a result of the uptick in cases, there also exists an increased prevalence of extrapulmonary TB. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). When M. tb disseminates to the vertebral column, it is called Pott’s disease or spinal TB. The frequency, symptoms, and severity of the disease range by the location of the spine and the region of the affected vertebrae. While the current literature shows that timely diagnosis is crucial to reduce the morbidity and mortality from Pott’s disease, there is a lack of specific clinical diagnostic criteria for Pott’s disease, and the symptoms may be very non-specific. Studies have shown that novel molecular diagnostic methods are effective and timely choices. Research has implicated the risk factors for the susceptibility and severity of Pott’s disease, such as HIV and immunosuppression, poverty, and malnutrition. Based on the current literature available, our group aims to summarize the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic challenges, as well as the known risk factors for Pott’s disease within this literature review.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

Reference58 articles.

1. World Health Organization (2022). Global Tuberculosis Report 2022.

2. Global Epidemiology of Tuberculosis and Progress Toward Meeting Global Targets—Worldwide, 2018;MacNeil;MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.,2020

3. Viswanathan, V.K., and Subramanian, S. (2022). StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing.

4. Spinal tuberculosis: A review;Garg;J. Spinal Cord Med.,2011

5. Pott’s Spine: Diagnostic Imaging Modalities and Technology Advancements;Ansari;N. Am. J. Med. Sci.,2013

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