Impact of Implant Diameter on Success and Survival of Dental Implants: An Observational Cohort Study

Author:

Romanos Georgios E.12ORCID,Schesni Aigerim2,Nentwig Georg-Hubertus3,Winter Anna4ORCID,Sader Robert5,Brandt Silvia6

Affiliation:

1. Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Rockland Hall 106, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8700, USA

2. Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

3. Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

4. Department of Prosthodontics, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany

5. Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

6. Department of Prosthodontics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Abstract

Narrow-diameter implants (NDIs) can be inserted instead of standard dental implants (SDIs) in sites with limited space and bone availability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant diameter on peri-implant bone, attached mucosa, and on the associated probability of implant success and survival. The implants with progressive thread design and platform switching (Ankylos®, Dentsply Sirona; Mannheim, Germany) investigated were identified retrospectively and assigned to two groups based on their diameter: 3.5 mm (NDIs) and 4.5 mm (SDIs). Peri-implant bone loss was analyzed based on available radiographs. Descriptive and implant-associated factors were gathered from patient files. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov–Lilliefors test and regression analyses. The level of significance was p ≤ 0.05. Results: In total, data for 415 implants in 194 patients were included in the study. Ten-year survival was 95.8% (NDIs) and 91.1% (SDIs). Implant diameter had no significant effect on peri-implant crestal bone loss (p = 0.098) or on the width of the attached gingiva (p = 0.052). Survival and success rates of NDIs were like or slightly better than those of SDIs. Because implant diameter had no effect on peri-implant tissue, NDIs can be recommended in selected cases.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Rehabilitation,Materials Science (miscellaneous),Biomedical Engineering,Oral Surgery

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