Microneedle-Integrated Sensors for Extraction of Skin Interstitial Fluid and Metabolic Analysis

Author:

Yang Jie1ORCID,Luo Ruiyu1,Yang Lei2ORCID,Wang Xiaocheng2ORCID,Huang Yong1

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China

2. Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China

Abstract

Skin interstitial fluid (ISF) has emerged as a fungible biofluid sample for blood serum and plasma for disease diagnosis and therapy. The sampling of skin ISF is highly desirable considering its easy accessibility, no damage to blood vessels, and reduced risk of infection. Particularly, skin ISF can be sampled using microneedle (MN)-based platforms in the skin tissues, which exhibit multiple advantages including minimal invasion of the skin tissues, less pain, ease of carrying, capacity for continuous monitoring, etc. In this review, we focus on the current development of microneedle-integrated transdermal sensors for collecting ISF and detecting specific disease biomarkers. Firstly, we discussed and classified microneedles according to their structural design, including solid MNs, hollow MNs, porous MNs, and coated MNs. Subsequently, we elaborate on the construction of MN-integrated sensors for metabolic analysis with highlights on the electrochemical, fluorescent, chemical chromogenic, immunodiagnostic, and molecular diagnostic MN-integrated sensors. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future direction for developing MN-based platforms for ISF extraction and sensing applications.

Funder

the National Nature Science Foundation of China

the Scientific and Technological Innovation Major Base of Guangxi

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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