Ten Years of Animal Tuberculosis Monitoring in Free-Living European Bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland

Author:

Krajewska-Wędzina Monika12ORCID,Krzysiak Michał K.34,Bruczyńska Małgorzata56ORCID,Orłowska Blanka5,Didkowska Anna5ORCID,Radulski Łukasz7ORCID,Wiśniewski Jan5,Olech Wanda8ORCID,Nowakiewicz Aneta2ORCID,Welz Mirosław9,Kaczor Stanisław10,Weiner Marcin11ORCID,Anusz Krzysztof5

Affiliation:

1. National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland

2. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Life Sciences, 20-033 Lublin, Poland

3. Białowieża National Park, 17-230 Białowieża, Poland

4. Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, 15-351 Białystok, Poland

5. Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland

6. County Veterinary Inspectorate, Orężna 9, 05-501 Piaseczno, Poland

7. County Veterinary Inspectorate, C.K. Norwida 17, 24-100 Puławy, Poland

8. Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland

9. Provincial Veterinary Inspectorate, Piotra Ścigiennego 6a, 38-400 Krosno, Poland

10. County Veterinary Inspectorate, Młynarska 45, 38-500 Sanok, Poland

11. Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education, 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland

Abstract

In the period 1996–2012, two outbreaks of animal tuberculosis were noted in the population of free-living European bison (Bison bonasus caucasicus) in the Bieszczady Mountains, Southern Poland. As the European bison is an endangered species and particularly susceptible to tuberculosis, not to mention a national icon, the decision was made to test all deceased bison for TB in Poland. The screened bison were obtained by elimination due to poor health or natural death. A total of 159 European bison have been examined over the last 10 years. The individuals came from four regions of Poland (Białowieża Forest, Bieszczady Mountains, Borecka Forest, Knyszyńska Forest), not only from the area where tuberculosis is still endemic. Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium spp. hominisuis were identified in two different herds. The isolation of M. bovis from European bison was the first case described in Poland. So far, the only causative agent of tuberculosis identified in European bison in Poland, both in the wild and in captive herds, was Mycobacterium caprae. The isolated M. bovis spoligotype has not previously been registered in international spoligotype databases so far. The obtained results highlight the need to monitor TB in European bison in Poland.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology

Reference43 articles.

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