The Impact of miRNA Expression on Colon Cancer Severity, Invasiveness, and Localization

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern with rising incidence and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. This study aimed to analyze the expression of miR-101-3p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-326 in CRC patients and assess their association with tumor grading and tissue invasion. Methods: A total of 40 CRC patients were included in the study. miRNA expression levels were measured using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Statistical analyses, including regression models, were performed to evaluate correlations between miRNA expression, tumor grade, and invasion patterns. Results: MiR-101-3p was significantly downregulated in advanced tumors, while miR-106a-5p expression peaked in Grade 2 CRC. MiR-326 expression was associated with organ metastasis. Regression models confirmed complex interaction patterns among these miRNAs, suggesting their potential role in CRC progression. Conclusions: These findings indicate that miR-101-3p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-326 are associated with CRC severity and invasion. Their expression patterns suggest potential utility as biomarkers for early detection and targeted therapies. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to validate these results and explore their clinical applications.