Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3) is one of 19 ALDH enzymes expressed in humans, and it is critical in the production of hormone receptor ligand retinoic acid (RA). We review the role of ALDH1A3 in normal physiology, its identification as a cancer stem cell marker, and its modes of action in cancer and other diseases. ALDH1A3 is often over-expressed in cancer and promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance by altering gene expression, cell signaling pathways, and glycometabolism. The increased levels of ALDH1A3 in cancer occur due to genetic amplification, epigenetic modifications, post-transcriptional regulation, and post-translational modification. Finally, we review the potential of targeting ALDH1A3, with both general ALDH inhibitors and small molecules specifically designed to inhibit ALDH1A3 activity.
Funder
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Faculty of Medicine Scholarship
Nova Scotia Graduate Scholarship
Research Nova Scotia Masters Scotia Scholar studentship
Killam Predoctoral Scholarship
President’s Award
Research Nova Scotia Scholar Award
Nova Scotia Graduate Studentship
Canadian Cancer Society’s JD Irving, Limited—Excellence in Cancer Research Fund
Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation-I3V Dr. David H. Hubel Postdoctoral Fellowship
GIVETOLIVE
Cited by
6 articles.
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