Understanding the Epitranscriptome for Avant-Garde Brain Tumour Diagnostics

Author:

Tűzesi Ágota12ORCID,Hallal Susannah123ORCID,Satgunaseelan Laveniya14ORCID,Buckland Michael E.12,Alexander Kimberley L.123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Neuropathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia

2. School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia

3. Department of Neurosurgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia

4. Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia

Abstract

RNA modifications are diverse, dynamic, and reversible transcript alterations rapidly gaining attention due to their newly defined RNA regulatory roles in cellular pathways and pathogenic mechanisms. The exciting emerging field of ‘epitranscriptomics’ is predominantly centred on studying the most abundant mRNA modification, N6-methyladenine (m6A). The m6A mark, similar to many other RNA modifications, is strictly regulated by so-called ‘writer’, ‘reader’, and ‘eraser’ protein species. The abundance of genes coding for the expression of these regulator proteins and m6A levels shows great potential as diagnostic and predictive tools across several cancer fields. This review explores our current understanding of RNA modifications in glioma biology and the potential of epitranscriptomics to develop new diagnostic and predictive classification tools that can stratify these highly complex and heterogeneous brain tumours.

Funder

BrainStorm

BF Foundation

James N. Kirby Foundation

Mark Hughes Foundation

Cure My Brain

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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