The Current Landscape of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Imaging Biomarkers for Aggressive Prostate Cancer

Author:

Al Saffar Haidar1,Chen David C.123ORCID,Delgado Carlos4ORCID,Ingvar Jacob1,Hofman Michael S.25,Lawrentschuk Nathan1567ORCID,Perera Marlon13,Murphy Declan G.125,Eapen Renu123

Affiliation:

1. Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia

2. Prostate Cancer Theranostics and Imaging Centre of Excellence, Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia

3. Department of Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia

4. School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico

5. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia

6. Department of Surgery (Urology), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia

7. EJ Whitten Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Epworth Hospital, Richmond, VIC 3121, Australia

Abstract

The review examines the vital role of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). It focuses on the superior diagnostic abilities of PSMA PET/CT for identifying both nodal and distant PCa, and its potential as a prognostic indicator for biochemical recurrence and overall survival. Additionally, we focused on the variability of PSMA’s expression and its impact on personalised treatment, particularly the use of [177Lu] Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy. This review emphasises the essential role of PSMA PET/CT in enhancing treatment approaches, improving patient outcomes, and reducing unnecessary interventions, positioning it as a key element in personalised PCa management.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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