Biomolecules Involved in Both Metastasis and Placenta Accreta Spectrum—Does the Common Pathophysiological Pathway Exist?

Author:

Rekowska Anna K.1ORCID,Obuchowska Karolina1ORCID,Bartosik Magdalena1,Kimber-Trojnar Żaneta1ORCID,Słodzińska Magdalena1,Wierzchowska-Opoka Magdalena1,Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena1

Affiliation:

1. Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland

Abstract

The process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial in the implantation of the blastocyst and subsequent placental development. The trophoblast, consisting of villous and extravillous zones, plays different roles in these processes. Pathological states, such as placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), can arise due to dysfunction of the trophoblast or defective decidualization, leading to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Studies have drawn parallels between placentation and carcinogenesis, with both processes involving EMT and the establishment of a microenvironment that facilitates invasion and infiltration. This article presents a review of molecular biomarkers involved in both the microenvironment of tumors and placental cells, including placental growth factor (PlGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), E-cadherin (CDH1), laminin γ2 (LAMC2), the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB) proteins, αVβ3 integrin, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), β-catenin, cofilin-1 (CFL-1), and interleukin-35 (IL-35). Understanding the similarities and differences in these processes may provide insights into the development of therapeutic options for both PAS and metastatic cancer.

Funder

Medical University of Lublin

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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