Redox State Modulatory Activity and Cytotoxicity of Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae) Leaves Extract Enriched in Polyphenols Using Macroporous Resin
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Published:2024-01-04
Issue:1
Volume:13
Page:73
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ISSN:2076-3921
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Container-title:Antioxidants
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Antioxidants
Author:
Luca Tonia1ORCID, Malfa Giuseppe Antonio23ORCID, Siracusa Laura4ORCID, La Mantia Alfonsina2, Bianchi Simone23, Napoli Edoardo4ORCID, Puleo Stefano5, Sergi Angelo2ORCID, Acquaviva Rosaria23, Castorina Sergio15
Affiliation:
1. Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy 2. Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy 3. Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy 4. Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Italian National Research Council ICB-CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy 5. Mediterranean Foundation “GB Morgagni”, 95125 Catania, Italy
Abstract
The food products derived from Olea europaea are a fundamental part of the Mediterranean diet, and their health-promoting effects are well known. In this study, we analyzed the phytochemical characteristics, the redox state modulatory activity, and the cytotoxic effect of an olive leaf aqueous extract enriched by macroporous resin on different tumor and normal cell lines (LNCaP, PC3, HFF-1). HPLC-DAD analysis, the Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods confirmed the qualitatively and quantitatively high content of phenolic compounds (130.02 ± 2.3 mg GAE/g extract), and a DPPH assay (IC50 = 100.00 ± 1.8 μg/mL), the related antioxidant activity. The biological investigation showed a significant cytotoxic effect, highlighted by an MTT test and the evident cellular morphological changes, on two prostate cancer cell lines. Remarkably, the extract was practically non-toxic on HFF-1 at the concentrations (100, 150, 300 µg/mL) and exposure times tested. Hence, the results are selective for tumor cells. The underlying cytotoxicity was associated with the decrease in ROS production (55% PC3, 42% LNCaP) and the increase in RSH levels (>50% PC3) and an LDH release assay (50% PC3, 40% LNCaP, established necrosis as the main cell death mechanism.
Funder
Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research
Subject
Cell Biology,Clinical Biochemistry,Molecular Biology,Biochemistry,Physiology
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