Identification and Characterization of Neuroprotective Properties of Thaumatin-like Protein 1a from Annurca Apple Flesh Polyphenol Extract
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Published:2024-01-19
Issue:2
Volume:16
Page:307
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ISSN:2072-6643
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Container-title:Nutrients
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nutrients
Author:
D’Errico Antonio1, Nasso Rosarita1, Di Maro Antimo2ORCID, Landi Nicola23, Chambery Angela2ORCID, Russo Rosita2ORCID, D’Angelo Stefania1ORCID, Masullo Mariorosario1ORCID, Arcone Rosaria1
Affiliation:
1. Department of Medical, Movement and Well-Being Sciences (DiSMMeB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy 2. Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy 3. Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are multifactorial neurodegenerative disorders that are mostly treated with drugs inhibiting key enzymes of cholinergic and aminergic neurotransmission, such as acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase (AChE, BuChE) or monoamine oxidases (MAO)-A/B, and of Aβ 1–40 aggregation. Diet plant components with multitarget functions are promising compounds in the prevention of AD and PD. Our aim was to identify neuroprotective compounds from Annurca apple polyphenol extract (AFPE). Methods: AFPE was fractionated by gel filtration, and the eluted peaks were subjected to chemical analyses (i.e., RP-HPLC and mass spectrometry), determination of inhibitory enzyme activity and cell effects by MTT, and morphology assays. Results: In AFPE, we identified thaumatin-like protein 1a, belonging to the pathogenesis-related protein (PR) family. This protein showed the best inhibitory activity on AChE, MAO-A (IC50 = 5.53 µM and 1.71 µM, respectively), and Aβ1–40 fibril aggregation (IC50 = 9.16 µM), compared to AFPE and other polyphenol-containing fractions. Among the latter, Peak 4 reverted Aβ fibril formation (IC50 = 104.87 µM). Moreover, thaumatin-like protein 1a protected AGS and MKN-28 cells from serum-deprivation-induced stress conditions. Conclusions: We showed that AFPE exerted neuroprotective functions not only through its polyphenols but also through thaumatin-like protein 1a, which acted like a multitarget molecule.
Funder
MUR National Research Programme (PNR)—DM 737 DM 1275 Next Generation EU PRIN 2022
Subject
Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics
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