1. Sr. Res. Fellow, Built Environment Res. Unit, School of Engrg. and Built Environment, Wolverhampton Univ., Wulfruna St., Wolverhampton WV1 1SB, U.K. E-mail: in5971@wlv.ac.uk
2. Prof., Dept. of Civ. and Struct. Engrg., Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ., Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. E-mail: cejgteng@polyu. edu.hk