1. Bridge Engineer, COWI Bridge North America, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2C8.
2. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 1H9 (corresponding author).
3. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 1H9.
4. Principal Engineer, Transportation Technology Centre, Inc., 55500 Dot Test Rd., Pueblo, CO 81001.
5. Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 1H9.