1. Geotechnical Engineer, Geotechnical Engineering Dept., Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210024, Jiangsu, China (corresponding author).
2. Professor, Key Laboratory of Earth-Rock Dam Failure Mechanism and Safety Control Techniques, Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
3. Ph.D. Student, Geotechnical Engineering Dept., Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210024, Jiangsu, China.