Pheochromocytoma: Current Approaches and Future Directions

Abstract

Abstract Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader should be able to: Use current practice methods in the diagnosis of pheochromocytomas.Employ current practice methods in the treatment of pheochromocytomas.Evaluate the current molecular research that contributes to the treatment of pheochromocytomas. CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com Pheochromocytomas are rare catecholamine-secreting tumors that arise from chromaffin tissue within the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal sites. Because of the excess secretion of hormones, these tumors often cause debilitating symptoms and a poor quality of life. While medical management plays a significant role in the treatment of pheochromocytoma patients, surgical excision remains the only cure. Improved medical management and surgical techniques and an increased understanding of hereditary disease have improved the outcome of pheochromocytoma patients with benign disease; however, the outcome of patients with malignant disease remains poor. In this review, we discuss the presentation, diagnosis, management, and future directions in the management of this disease.